Risk for psychopathology in the children of depressed mothers: a developmental model for understanding mechanisms of transmission

Seminal integrative model proposing four pathways by which maternal depression raises child risk: heritability, dysfunctional neuroregulatory mechanisms, exposure to negative maternal cognitions/affect/behavior, and a stressful context. Identifies parenting quality (warmth, hostility, availability) as a key modifiable mediator and child age and the other parent's health as moderators.